African markets and economies

Bullrun holds a reading for 53 economies in Africa, across 5 panels. Sudan carries the region's highest composite stress at 61 of 100. Coverage is not uniform: a panel a provider does not publish for this region is left out rather than filled from a proxy, and an economy missing from a table is one we hold no reading for, never a zero.

Economic stress in Africa

Composite stress, 0-100 for 8 economies, ranked. The whole cross-section, every region included, is on Country Stress Score.

#EconomyStress scoreBandPeriodSource
1Sudan61Stretched2025Bullrun
2Egypt52Elevated2025Bullrun
3Mauritius51Elevated2025Bullrun
4Tunisia51Elevated2025Bullrun
5South Africa40Watch2026-09Bullrun
6Morocco38Watch2026-Q2Bullrun
7Seychelles33Watch2025Bullrun
8Cabo Verde21Calm2025Bullrun

GDP growth in Africa

Real GDP growth for 52 economies, ranked. Reference period 2025. The whole cross-section, every region included, is on GDP Growth by Country.

#EconomyReal GDP growthBandSource
1Libya+13.37%StrongWorld Bank
2Ethiopia+9.77%StrongWorld Bank
3Rwanda+9.38%StrongWorld Bank
4Zimbabwe+8.11%StrongWorld Bank
5Benin+8.07%StrongWorld Bank
6Guinea+7.45%StrongWorld Bank
7Niger+7.01%StrongWorld Bank
8Senegal+6.68%StrongWorld Bank
9Côte d'Ivoire+6.50%StrongWorld Bank
10Djibouti+6.50%StrongWorld Bank
11Uganda+6.33%StrongWorld Bank
12Togo+6.31%StrongWorld Bank
13Cabo Verde+6.30%StrongWorld Bank
14Ghana+5.95%StrongWorld Bank
15Gambia+5.89%StrongWorld Bank
16Tanzania+5.85%StrongWorld Bank
17Guinea-Bissau+5.82%StrongWorld Bank
18Seychelles+5.80%StrongWorld Bank
19Dem. Rep. Congo+5.76%StrongWorld Bank
20Mali+5.60%StrongWorld Bank
21Chad+5.59%StrongWorld Bank
22Burkina Faso+5.29%StrongWorld Bank
23Liberia+5.02%StrongWorld Bank
24Kenya+4.63%StrongWorld Bank
25Sierra Leone+4.61%StrongWorld Bank
26Morocco+4.60%StrongWorld Bank
27Central African Rep.+4.50%StrongWorld Bank
28Egypt+4.39%StrongWorld Bank
29Burundi+4.24%StrongWorld Bank
30Eswatini+4.19%StrongWorld Bank
31Mauritania+4.03%StrongWorld Bank
32Nigeria+4.01%StrongWorld Bank
33Algeria+3.82%StrongWorld Bank
34Zambia+3.76%StrongWorld Bank
35Comoros+3.75%StrongWorld Bank
36Cameroon+3.20%HealthyWorld Bank
37Mauritius+3.15%HealthyWorld Bank
38Angola+3.13%HealthyWorld Bank
39Congo+3.08%HealthyWorld Bank
40Sudan+3.06%HealthyWorld Bank
41Madagascar+3.00%HealthyWorld Bank
42Somalia, Fed. Rep.+2.99%HealthyWorld Bank
43Tunisia+2.49%HealthyWorld Bank
44Gabon+2.47%HealthyWorld Bank
45Lesotho+1.98%SluggishWorld Bank
46Malawi+1.89%SluggishWorld Bank
47Namibia+1.73%SluggishWorld Bank
48South Africa+1.11%SluggishWorld Bank
49São Tomé and Príncipe+1.03%SluggishWorld Bank
50Mozambique-0.52%ContractionWorld Bank
51Botswana-0.73%ContractionWorld Bank
52Eq. Guinea-5.85%ContractionWorld Bank

Inflation in Africa

Consumer prices, year over year for 52 economies, ranked. The whole cross-section, every region included, is on Inflation by Country.

#EconomyInflation, YoYBandPeriodSource
1Niger-4.45%Deflation2025World Bank
2Chad-3.91%Deflation2025World Bank
3Burkina Faso-0.59%Deflation2025World Bank
4Djibouti-0.31%Deflation2025World Bank
5Côte d'Ivoire+0.13%At target2025World Bank
6Seychelles+0.30%At target2025World Bank
7Togo+0.43%At target2025World Bank
8Morocco+0.70%At target2025World Bank
9Guinea-Bissau+0.87%At target2025World Bank
10Central African Rep.+1.00%At target2025World Bank
11Benin+1.10%At target2025World Bank
12Algeria+1.42%At target2025World Bank
13Senegal+1.46%At target2025World Bank
14Mauritania+1.55%At target2025World Bank
15Gabon+1.77%At target2025World Bank
16Libya+1.84%At target2025World Bank
17Cabo Verde+2.34%A little above target2025World Bank
18Congo+2.40%A little above target2025World Bank
19Eswatini+2.60%A little above target2019World Bank
20Botswana+2.66%A little above target2025World Bank
21Dem. Rep. Congo+2.89%A little above target2016World Bank
22Eq. Guinea+2.92%A little above target2024World Bank
23Comoros+3.25%A little above target2025World Bank
24Mali+3.28%A little above target2025World Bank
25Tanzania+3.33%A little above target2025World Bank
26Cameroon+3.40%A little above target2025World Bank
27Namibia+3.51%A little above target2025World Bank
28Guinea+3.57%A little above target2025World Bank
29Uganda+3.58%A little above target2025World Bank
30Mauritius+3.67%A little above target2025World Bank
31Kenya+4.07%Elevated2025World Bank
32Lesotho+4.27%Elevated2025World Bank
33South Africa+4.35%Elevated2026-09OECD
34Mozambique+4.37%Elevated2025World Bank
35Tunisia+5.15%Elevated2025World Bank
36Rwanda+5.91%Elevated2025World Bank
37Sierra Leone+7.49%Elevated2025World Bank
38Madagascar+8.05%High2025World Bank
39Liberia+8.32%High2025World Bank
40São Tomé and Príncipe+11.05%High2025World Bank
41Gambia+11.56%High2024World Bank
42Ethiopia+13.23%High2025World Bank
43Zambia+13.91%High2025World Bank
44Egypt+14.07%High2025World Bank
45Ghana+14.20%High2025World Bank
46Angola+20.16%High2025World Bank
47Nigeria+23.01%High2025World Bank
48Malawi+28.37%High2025World Bank
49Burundi+34.13%High2025World Bank
50S. Sudan+91.44%High2024World Bank
51Zimbabwe+104.71%High2022World Bank
52Sudan+138.81%High2022World Bank

Unemployment in Africa

Unemployment rate for 11 economies, ranked. The whole cross-section, every region included, is on Unemployment by Country.

#EconomyUnemployment rateBandPeriodSource
1Sudan61.2%Severe2025IMF
2South Africa32.4%Severe2025IMF
3Nigeria22.6%Severe2018IMF
4Tunisia15.2%Severe2025IMF
5São Tomé and Príncipe13.5%High2017IMF
6Morocco13.0%High2025IMF
7Algeria11.4%High2019IMF
8Cabo Verde8.5%Slack2025IMF
9Egypt7.3%Slack2025IMF
10Mauritius5.7%Healthy2025IMF
11Seychelles2.6%Tight2025IMF

Government debt in Africa

General government gross debt, percent of GDP for 52 economies, ranked. Reference period 2025. The whole cross-section, every region included, is on Government Debt by Country.

#EconomyDebt / GDPBandSource
1Sudan204.4%Very highIMF
2Libya153.8%Very highIMF
3Senegal127.7%Very highIMF
4Cabo Verde115.4%HighIMF
5Zambia100.6%HighIMF
6Congo100.4%HighIMF
7Malawi96.6%HighIMF
8Mozambique90.3%HighIMF
9Mauritius86.8%ElevatedIMF
10Egypt86.8%ElevatedIMF
11Gabon84.2%ElevatedIMF
12Tunisia81.7%ElevatedIMF
13South Africa78.4%ElevatedIMF
14Guinea-Bissau75.1%ElevatedIMF
15Gambia73.7%ElevatedIMF
16Kenya71.3%ElevatedIMF
17Namibia67.5%ElevatedIMF
18Morocco66.6%ElevatedIMF
19Togo64.9%ElevatedIMF
20Rwanda64.7%ElevatedIMF
21S. Sudan64.2%ElevatedIMF
22Benin59.3%ModerateIMF
23São Tomé and Príncipe59.1%ModerateIMF
24Côte d'Ivoire57.1%ModerateIMF
25Liberia55.1%ModerateIMF
26Uganda53.2%ModerateIMF
27Burkina Faso53.2%ModerateIMF
28Angola52.9%ModerateIMF
29Algeria52.1%ModerateIMF
30Sierra Leone51.4%ModerateIMF
31Seychelles51.2%ModerateIMF
32Tanzania49.8%ModerateIMF
33Lesotho49.4%ModerateIMF
34Ghana48.8%ModerateIMF
35Madagascar47.7%ModerateIMF
36Niger45.5%ModerateIMF
37Eswatini44.8%ModerateIMF
38Ethiopia43.3%ModerateIMF
39Central African Rep.42.6%ModerateIMF
40Burundi42.0%ModerateIMF
41Cameroon40.5%ModerateIMF
42Mauritania40.4%ModerateIMF
43Mali40.3%ModerateIMF
44Zimbabwe38.0%ModerateIMF
45Guinea36.3%ModerateIMF
46Nigeria36.1%ModerateIMF
47Eq. Guinea35.4%ModerateIMF
48Botswana34.0%ModerateIMF
49Chad33.3%ModerateIMF
50Djibouti31.3%ModerateIMF
51Comoros30.5%ModerateIMF
52Dem. Rep. Congo20.4%LowIMF

Economies of Africa

Each of these has a page of its own scoring it against six pillars - labour, housing, credit, fiscal, external and cycle - and showing which readings were too stale to count.

Stocks to research in Africa

Six listings that carry African operations, all of them resources, and all reachable from a US line. That is the honest shape of the exposure in our universe rather than a claim to cover the continent's exchanges: Johannesburg's own listings are not in it, so these are the ADRs and US lines of businesses that mine and refine there.

TickerCompanyMarketWhat to look at
GFIGold FieldsNYSESouth African and global gold output, grades, and all-in sustaining costs.
AUAngloGold AshantiNYSEPan-African gold production, cost inflation, and reserve life.
HMYHarmony GoldNYSEDeep-level South African mining, grade, and rand-cost leverage.
SSLSasolNYSESynthetic fuels and chemicals, energy prices, and South African utilities risk.
SBSWSibanye StillwaterNYSEPlatinum-group metals, gold, and exposure to South African power supply.
DRDDRDGOLDNYSESurface tailings retreatment, gold price leverage, and low capital intensity.

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Where these numbers come from

PanelEconomiesSource
Composite stress, 0-1008Bullrun six-pillar composite, built from OECD, BIS, IMF and World Bank releases
Real GDP growth52World Bank annual national accounts, with OECD and official sources for the quarterly panel
Consumer prices, year over year52Official national statistics offices, via OECD and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, with World Bank annual CPI as the broad fallback
Unemployment rate11OECD and Eurostat monthly harmonised rates, with the IMF's annual series as the floor
General government gross debt, percent of GDP52IMF World Economic Outlook, general government gross debt

Bands match the shading on the Global Markets dashboard, so a country's colour there and its band here always agree. Regional membership is geographic, and the aggregate rows these providers publish - the euro area, the World Bank income groups - are excluded, because they would outrank the economies they are built from. See the data license.

Other regions

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